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Checklist

Checklist - Apparatus, Driving and Roadway

Document FSSMS-AUD-P09All stagesRevision 4Version 0.3.3

Topic pages open on your jurisdiction, and requirements tables show its line. You can change this on any page.

1. Scope

This program checklist audits Apparatus, Driving and Roadway Operations Program (FSSMS-PRG-09), Policy - Apparatus and Driving (FSSMS-POL-12) and their procedures: specification and acceptance; inspection and out-of-service authority; maintenance, annual testing and the fleet agreement; replacement and reserve; driver authorization and training; response mode, intersections, occupant safety and backing; personal vehicle response; vehicle data and just culture; roadway scenes; collision reporting and learning; psychological safety and the accountability loop. The question in every item is whether members get to the call, work on the road and come home without a collision, a rollover, a backing strike or a strike by traffic, and whether the department can show it.

It is the program team’s instrument for the annual appraisal and for spot-audits. In the annual internal audit its items deepen category 12 (12.8 roadway operations and driving), category 18 (18.2 the apparatus inspection and test regime) and category 5 (5.7 driver and operator qualification) in 02 Audit Checklist Master Index. The audit plan states once whether these items are scored on the spare row 21 of the roll-up worksheet or inside categories 12 and 18 in place of their overlapping items, so no item is counted twice. It leaves to other categories: incident command and accountability (Checklist - Emergency Operations Safety), SCBA and PPE carried on apparatus (categories 7 and 8), cab decontamination (category 9) and the fatigue policy (category 10).

2. Criteria

The CFAI column crosswalks each item to the 10th edition performance indicator where one applies (CPSE, 2019); core competencies are marked CC.

Source What it requires Items
Applicable OHS statute and regulations: written procedures; equipment inspection before use and at set intervals; any named standards for ground ladders and aerial devices and any equipment apparatus must carry, such as hand lights; shop safeguards such as tire inflation cages; injury reporting and record retention (J06 Written Procedures and Committee Consultation; J08 Incident Reporting and Investigation; J09 Records Retention; J15 Equipment Inspection, Ladders and Aerial Devices; J19 Lockout, Machine Guarding and Electrical Safety) The program and its records 1, 7, 8, 12, 13, 15, 17, 45
Applicable traffic statute and road rules: emergency vehicle exemptions and their conditions, including due regard; move-over and following distance; seat belts; licence classes and air brake endorsements; any courtesy light for personal vehicles (J30 Emergency Vehicles, Drivers and Licensing) Response rules and driver authorization 20, 21, 27 to 30, 33
Rules for temporary workplaces on highways and how far they apply at emergency scenes; high-visibility apparel (CSA Z96:22) (J31 Roadway Incident Scenes) Blocking, apparel and a written roadway procedure 38 to 41
NFPA 1900 (2024): new apparatus design, seating and restraint, data recorders, electric and hybrid drive Specification and acceptance 4 to 6
NFPA 1910 (2024): in-service inspection, maintenance, testing, out-of-service criteria, technician qualification Checks, tests, technicians, records 7 to 12, 14 to 17
NFPA 1930 (2024): ground ladder and fire hose service testing Ladder and hose tests by ID 13
NFPA 1550 (2024): apparatus and drivers (ch. 8), traffic incident management (ch. 11), the annual fleet evaluation (ch. 4) Program content 7, 18, 22, 27 to 31, 38
NFPA 1010 (2024, ch. 11) and NFPA 1091 (2024) Driver/operator and traffic incident management competencies 22 to 25
CSA Z1005 (CSA Z1005:21) and CSA Z1001 (CSA Z1001-18) Investigation of collisions; managed driver training 22, 43, 44
CFAI categories 6, 8 and 11A (CPSE, 2019, criteria 6C.1 to 6C.3, 6D.1 to 6D.5, 6E.1, 6E.3, 6E.4, 6F.1, 8A.3, 8A.4, 8B.1, 8B.3, 8B.5, 11A.2, 11A.3, 11A.6 to 11A.8) Fleet planning, maintenance and safety practice As marked
Psychological safety (Edmondson, 1999)DOI; just culture (Dekker, 2016); drift (Vaughan, 1996) Speaking up, the learning firewall, “what did we get away with?” 32, 35, 36, 46

3. How to score

  1. Score D, I and E for each item 0 to 3, then derive the item score (01 Audit Program section 5).
  2. Both-required evidence codes (D+I, D+O, O+I) need each type before I can exceed 1.
  3. Weights C3, K2, S1; L items must score at least 2 or the checklist fails its legislated floor.
  4. Score = sum(weight x item score) / sum(weight x 3). The effectiveness index uses E.
  5. Record a finding, owner and due date for every item below 3. Each finding takes a priority on the department’s one scale: a major nonconformity is P1 (Imminent) or P2 (Serious) by risk, a minor nonconformity P3 (Moderate), an opportunity for improvement P4 (Improvement). Every finding goes to the Corrective Action Register within five working days with the interim control, plan and closure dates its priority sets.

4. Checklist

# Item Stage Wt Evid CFAI Scoring anchors (1 / 2 / 3) D I E Score Finding Owner Due
A. Program governance
1 The policy is signed and consulted with the JOHSC, the program is written, and both were reviewed on schedule. Look for: signatures, consultation record, revision log S1 K2 L D 11A.2 1: drafts only / 2: signed, consulted, current / 3: reviewed on schedule and members interviewed can find both
2 A line officer owns the program; the team is chartered and produced four quarterly updates and an annual appraisal. Look for: charter, updates, appraisal S2 K2 D - 1: owner named only / 2: updates on file / 3: appraisal led to a funded change
3 The program’s indicators are collected against a baseline: authorization currency, check completion, test currency, belt compliance, mode adherence, harsh events, blocking, TIM currency, speak-up rate, collisions S2 K2 D+I - 1: some collected / 2: all collected with baseline / 3: reviewed at management review and a target changed practice
B. Specification and acceptance
4 Specifications for new apparatus cite the current design standard and the standards list, were written with driver input, and were consulted with the JOHSC. Look for: last specification and its consultation record S1 K2 D+I 6C.3 1: vendor template / 2: current standard, driver input recorded / 3: JOHSC comments changed the specification
5 Specifications include a belted seat and SCBA bracket at every position, a data recorder, seat-belt monitoring, camera, conspicuity, scene-mode lighting, cab noise control and clean-cab features; seat-belt monitoring is the department’s own requirement, stated in the specification whether or not the current design standard requires a warning system (NFPA 1900, 2024) S2 S1 D CC 6C.1 1: some features / 2: all features specified / 3: all present on the last unit accepted
6 No new unit carried a crew before its acceptance test (weights against axle ratings, brakes, road test, certifications) was signed S1 K2 D CC 6D.1 1: delivery inspection only / 2: acceptance record signed / 3: a defect found at acceptance was corrected before service
C. Inspection and out-of-service
7 Daily (career) and weekly and after-use (volunteer) checks are recorded for every unit; sample 90 days for two units. Look for: Form - Apparatus Daily and Weekly Check Sheet; a check observed at shift change S1 C3 L D+O CC 6D.5 1: sheets exist, gaps common / 2: 90 percent complete / 3: 98 percent complete and the observed check matched the sheet
8 Out-of-service criteria are posted; every defect line led to a decision; a unit taken out of service in the last year was returned only by a technician S1 C3 L D+I CC 6D.1 1: criteria not posted / 2: decisions recorded / 3: drivers interviewed state the rule and a real example
9 Station officers review the sheets and the vehicle data summary monthly S2 K2 D 6E.4 1: occasional / 2: monthly entries / 3: the review found and followed up a missed defect
10 Every defect reaches the register and the reporter hears back within five working days; sample five defects S1 K2 D+I 11A.2 1: work orders only / 2: register entries / 3: reporters interviewed confirm a reply
D. Maintenance, testing and the fleet agreement
11 Every pumper has an annual pump service test inside 12 months with results within limits S1 K2 D CC 6D.1 1: some units / 2: all units / 3: a failed test led to repair and retest on record
12 Every aerial has an annual inspection and test, non-destructive testing on the five-year cycle and after any overload, by a qualified third party S1 C3 L D CC 6D.1 1: annual only / 2: annual and NDT current / 3: overload events traced to a retest
13 Every ground ladder has an annual service test by serial number, and every hose an annual test by hose number S1 C3 L D CC 6E.3 1: tested in batches without IDs / 2: by ID, all current / 3: failed items removed and destroyed on record
14 Maintenance is done by qualified emergency vehicle technicians on the manufacturer’s schedule; qualifications on file S1 K2 D CC 6D.1, 6D.3 1: general fleet shop / 2: qualifications on file / 3: schedule adherence reported quarterly
15 Tire age, tread and damage rules are applied with date codes logged; torque is recorded after wheel service; split-rim wheels are inflated only in a cage S1 C3 L D+O CC 6D.1 1: tread only / 2: age rule and torque records / 3: cage observed in use; no tire past the age limit found
16 A signed fleet agreement sets the standard, schedule, technician qualification, out-of-service authority, safety-defect turnaround, reserve or loaner and records; turnaround is reported quarterly S1 K2 D 6D.4 1: purchase orders only / 2: agreement signed / 3: turnaround data reviewed and acted on
17 Vehicle records are kept for the life of the vehicle, and never for less than the applicable retention rule (J09 Records Retention), and can be retrieved by unit S1 S1 D 6E.4 1: scattered / 2: complete file per unit / 3: retrieved in minutes during the audit
E. Replacement and reserve
18 A written replacement plan applies the design standard’s front-line and reserve guidance and each unit’s condition, updated by the annual fleet evaluation and carried in the five-year budget worksheet S2 K2 D 6C.2 1: age list / 2: plan with condition data / 3: plan funded on schedule
19 The reserve fleet or a documented contingency covers a unit out of service, and no member rides in an exterior or unbelted position on any unit S1 C3 D+O 6D.4 1: no contingency / 2: contingency written / 3: observed reserve unit has a belted seat for every rider in use
F. Driver authorization and training
20 Every member who drove in a sampled month appears on the posted authorization list for that apparatus type, with licence class and endorsements verified. Look for: Form - Driver Qualification and Training Record S1 C3 L D+I 8A.3 1: list exists / 2: every sampled driver on it / 3: officers interviewed check it before assigning
21 Licences and abstracts are rechecked every year; a suspension or downgrade was acted on before the next shift S1 K2 L D 8A.3 1: at hire only / 2: annual checks / 3: a disclosure handled as the policy says
22 Every driver completed classroom, closed course, the minimum supervised hours and a road evaluation by a trained evaluator before driving in response S1 C3 D 8B.1, CC 8B.3 1: ride-alongs only / 2: all elements recorded / 3: evaluators calibrated; a member held back until ready
23 Drivers are re-evaluated within 24 months and after every collision or at-fault near miss S1 K2 D CC 8B.3 1: no cycle / 2: cycle met / 3: post-collision re-evaluations on record without penalty
24 Pump, aerial and tender operators meet the professional qualification by certification or documented evaluation; tender drivers completed rollover awareness S1 K2 D 8A.4 1: experience only / 2: qualification on file / 3: annual aerial re-evaluation current
25 Every operational member holds traffic incident management training within three years S2 K2 D 8A.4 1: under 50 percent / 2: over 90 percent / 3: 100 percent, volunteers included
26 Driver medical fitness is held as an outcome only; no diagnosis is in department files S1 K2 D+I - 1: medical notes in files / 2: outcomes only / 3: the training division describes the route without health details
G. On the road
27 The response mode matrix is approved, consulted with the JOHSC and applied by dispatch; adherence on 20 sampled dispatches is at least 95 percent S1 C3 D+I 11A.8 1: matrix on paper / 2: dispatch applies it / 3: adherence measured and rising
28 Drivers state the speed caps, the due regard condition and the rule of lights and siren together or neither S1 C3 I 11A.8 1: few can / 2: majority can / 3: all interviewed can and give an example of downgrading
29 The intersection procedure (full stop at a red light or stop sign, lane by lane, officer calls lanes clear) is practised; intersection data events are reviewed S1 C3 O+I 11A.8 1: taught only / 2: observed on a response or drill / 3: data review led to coaching and a change
30 Every rider is belted whenever the unit moves; seat-belt data or observation shows full compliance; the officer calls “all belted” S1 C3 L D+O 11A.8 1: no measure / 2: measured, gaps / 3: 100 percent in data and observation
31 Backing uses a spotter visible in the mirror; backing contacts are logged and reviewed S1 C3 D+O 11A.3 1: camera relied on / 2: spotter observed / 3: contacts trending down after reviews
32 Members can decline to drive when fatigued or unwell without consequence, and drivers do not use phones or terminals while moving S2 K2 O+I - 1: not known / 2: members state the rule / 3: a member describes declining and being thanked
H. Personal vehicle response
33 Every member who responds from home or work signed the personal vehicle acknowledgement this year, and the rules reflect the current traffic law, including any courtesy light provision (J30 Emergency Vehicles, Drivers and Licensing) S1 K2 D+I 8A.3 1: memo only / 2: signed acknowledgements / 3: members interviewed state the rules and the following distance
34 Insurance notices are on file and personal vehicle collisions on response are tracked as program events S1 S1 D - 1: not tracked / 2: tracked / 3: reviewed and shared with volunteers
I. Vehicle data and just culture
35 The telematics clause was adopted and explained at every station before go-live; access and retention rules are followed S2 K2 D+I - 1: system live without a clause / 2: clause adopted and briefed / 3: access log matches the rules
36 Coaching is two-way and never the sole basis for discipline; the conduct threshold is written; a majority of drivers interviewed trust the data use S2 K2 D+I - 1: data used for reprimands / 2: firewall written / 3: drivers describe a coaching conversation that started with their view
37 Aggregate vehicle data trends go to the JOHSC every quarter S2 S1 D - 1: none / 2: quarterly / 3: committee comments acted on
J. Roadway scenes
38 The first unit blocks the work area plus one lane before anyone exits; the block position is recorded on sampled roadway incident reports S1 C3 L D+O 11A.8 1: SWP only / 2: recorded on most reports / 3: observed at a scene or closed-road drill
39 Every riding position has high-visibility apparel of the class the road needs, and members outside the hot zone wear it S1 C3 L D+O CC 6F.1 1: some units / 2: every position / 3: observed worn at a scene, at night included
40 Every front-line unit carries the cones, arrow board and flares the SWP sets, checked weekly S1 K2 D+O 6E.1 1: some units / 2: all units / 3: weekly check lines complete
41 Officers state when police are requested, when advance warning is placed, the full closure for extrication on divided highways and the median rule S1 K2 I 11A.8 1: few / 2: majority / 3: all, with a recent example
42 Struck-by near misses and vehicles entering the work area are reported and reviewed S2 K2 D 11A.6 1: none reported / 2: reported / 3: reviewed with a change recorded
K. Collisions and learning
43 Every collision, backing contact, rollover, struck-by and near miss in the last 24 months has a report and a secured data download. Look for: Form - Vehicle Collision Report S1 C3 L D 11A.7 1: insurance claims only / 2: reports for all / 3: downloads secured for all
44 Events are triaged by tier; reviews ask what made the action make sense; findings reached every driver through a change notice; corrective actions closed S1 K2 D+I 11A.6, 11A.7 1: blame-focused reports / 2: tiered reviews / 3: drivers name a change a review produced
45 Statutory reports for vehicle-related injuries were made to the regulator within the time the applicable law sets (J08 Incident Reporting and Investigation) S1 C3 L D - 1: late or missing / 2: on time / 3: on time with the committee notified
L. Psychological safety and the loop
46 Psychological safety. Members say they can call stop from any seat, decline to drive and report a backing contact without reprisal; concerns get a reply within five working days; the speak-up rate is rising or healthy, not zero. Interview members at a career and a volunteer station S1 K2 D+I 11A.6 1: no route known / 2: reply log on time / 3: members describe a concern, the reply and the change
47 Accountability and closed feedback loop. The program’s loop table names the owner, doers, verifiers, the feedback path and the closure rule with escalation; the loop test holds when walked through with a real event S1 K2 D+I 11A.3 1: table present, roles blank / 2: table complete, owner explains it / 3: a real defect traced from report to verified closure, reply and change notice on time

Loop test. Pick a defect a driver reported in the last year, such as a low-air warning that did not sound on a weekly check. Trace it: rated P1 because a brake warning is a critical control, so the unit is out of service the same shift and the fire chief and JOHSC co-chairs are told within 24 hours; register entry with fleet as owner and a plan within two working days; reply to the driver within five working days; the same component checked fleet-wide; the check sheet revised; a change notice to every station; closure verified within seven days and reported to the JOHSC at its next meeting.

5. Effectiveness questions

Answer from observation or interview only; record the evidence.

  1. Watch three responses leave a station, or ride along on one: was everyone belted before the wheels turned, did the mode match the matrix, and did the driver stop at the first red light against the apparatus?
  2. At a roadway incident or a closed-road drill: where was the block, was anyone outside it, and what were they wearing?
  3. Ask three members, one of them a volunteer who responds from home: “When did you or your crew last say stop, decline to drive or report a backing contact? What happened next, and did you hear back?” Record whether each names a person and a response.

6. Interview and observation prompts

  1. (Driver) What mode did you respond in on your last call, and why?
  2. (Driver) Walk me through your last red light in emergency mode.
  3. (Officer) Show me the authorization list. Who drove last week?
  4. (Officer) What do you say to a driver after a hard-braking event in the data?
  5. (Volunteer) How do you get to the station, and what does the law let you do on the way?
  6. (Fleet) Show me this year’s pump, aerial, ladder and hose certificates and the tire date-code log.
  7. (Health and safety officer) Show me the last collision review and the change notice it produced.
  8. (Dispatch) How do you assign the response mode?
  9. (Observe) A daily check at shift change against the sheet.
  10. (Observe) A backing manoeuvre into the bay.
  11. (Everyone) Who would you tell if a driver did something unsafe, and what would happen?
  12. (Everyone) What one thing about driving or roadway work would you fix first?

7. Section scores

Section Items Sum wt x 3 Sum wt x score Section % Lowest item Notes
A. Program governance 1 to 3
B. Specification and acceptance 4 to 6
C. Inspection and out-of-service 7 to 10
D. Maintenance, testing and the fleet agreement 11 to 17
E. Replacement and reserve 18 to 19
F. Driver authorization and training 20 to 26
G. On the road 27 to 32
H. Personal vehicle response 33 to 34
I. Vehicle data and just culture 35 to 37
J. Roadway scenes 38 to 42
K. Collisions and learning 43 to 45
L. Psychological safety and the loop 46 to 47

Report by section, never as one number. Findings go to the Corrective Action Register with the owner and due date from the table; the program manager owns them until verified closed.

Jurisdiction requirements

This chapter relies on the following legal requirements, which differ by province and territory. Check your jurisdiction’s section on each topic page before adopting it.

Topic What to check in your jurisdiction Page
Written Procedures and Committee Consultation When written safe work procedures are required for apparatus and roadway work, and whether the committee must be consulted on the policy, the program and its procedures (items 1, 27) J06 Written Procedures and Committee Consultation
Incident Reporting and Investigation Which vehicle-related deaths, injuries and incidents must be reported to the regulator, how fast and by whom (items 43, 45) J08 Incident Reporting and Investigation
Records Retention How long the OHS law requires inspection, maintenance, training and injury records to be kept (items 17, 43) J09 Records Retention
Equipment Inspection, Ladders and Aerial Devices When equipment must be inspected and by whom, any named design or service-testing standards for ground ladders and aerial devices, and any equipment the regulation requires apparatus to carry (items 7, 8, 12, 13) J15 Equipment Inspection, Ladders and Aerial Devices
Lockout, Machine Guarding and Electrical Safety The shop safeguarding and lockout rules that apply to apparatus maintenance, such as tire inflation cages (items 14, 15) J19 Lockout, Machine Guarding and Electrical Safety
Emergency Vehicles, Drivers and Licensing The emergency vehicle exemptions and their conditions, seat belt rules, move-over and following-distance duties, licence class and air brake endorsement, and any courtesy light for volunteers’ personal vehicles (items 20, 21, 27 to 30, 33) J30 Emergency Vehicles, Drivers and Licensing
Roadway Incident Scenes Whether temporary-workplace traffic control rules apply at emergency scenes and when that relief ends, the scene layout manual or guideline, and the required high-visibility apparel standard (items 38 to 41) J31 Roadway Incident Scenes

References

Center for Public Safety Excellence [CPSE]. (2019). Fire and emergency service self-assessment manual (10th ed.). Commission on Fire Accreditation International. https://cpse.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/10th-Edition-FESSAM-Strikethrough-Underline-v.4.pdf

CSA Group. (2018). CAN/CSA-Z1001-18 (R2022), Occupational health and safety training. https://www.csagroup.org/store/product/CAN-CSA-Z1001-18/

CSA Group. (2021). CSA Z1005:21 (R2026), Workplace incident investigation. https://www.csagroup.org/store/product/CSA%20Z1005:21/

CSA Group. (2022). CSA Z96:22, High-visibility safety apparel (4th ed.). https://www.csagroup.org/store/product/CSA%20Z96:22/

Dekker, S. (2016). Just culture: Restoring trust and accountability in your organization (3rd ed.). CRC Press.

Edmondson, A. C. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(2), 350–383. doi:10.2307/2666999

National Fire Protection Association. (2024). NFPA 1010, Standard on professional qualifications for firefighters (consolidates NFPA 1001, 1002, 1003 and 1005). https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/nfpa-1010-standard-development/1010

National Fire Protection Association. (2024). NFPA 1091, Standard for traffic incident management personnel professional qualifications. https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/nfpa-1091-standard-development/1091

National Fire Protection Association. (2024). NFPA 1550, Standard for emergency responder health and safety (consolidates NFPA 1500, 1521 and 1561). https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/nfpa-1550-standard-development/1550

National Fire Protection Association. (2024). NFPA 1900, Standard for aircraft rescue and firefighting vehicles, automotive fire apparatus, wildland fire apparatus, and automotive ambulances (consolidates NFPA 414, 1901, 1906 and 1917). https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/nfpa-1900-standard-development/1900

National Fire Protection Association. (2024). NFPA 1910, Standard for the inspection, maintenance, refurbishment, testing, and retirement of in-service emergency vehicles and marine firefighting vessels (consolidates NFPA 1071, 1911, 1912 and 1925). https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/nfpa-1910-standard-development/1910

National Fire Protection Association. (2024). NFPA 1930, Standard on fire and emergency service use of thermal imagers, two-way portable RF voice communication devices, ground ladders, rescue tools, fire hose, and fire hose appliances (consolidates NFPA 1931, 1932, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964 and 1965, among others). https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/nfpa-1930-standard-development/1930

Vaughan, D. (1996). The Challenger launch decision: Risky technology, culture, and deviance at NASA. University of Chicago Press.

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